Generalised anxiety disorder in adults – An overview

Anxiety

Anxiety

Overview

Anxiety is a feeling of unease, such as worry or fear, that can be mild or severe.

Everyone has feelings of anxiety at some point in their life – for example, you may feel worried and anxious about sitting an exam, or having a medical test or job interview. During times like these, feeling anxious can be perfectly normal.

However, some people find it hard to control their worries. Their feelings of anxiety are more constant and can often affect their daily lives.

Anxiety is the main symptom of several conditions, including:

panic disorder

phobias – such as agoraphobia or claustrophobia

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

social anxiety disorder (social phobia)

However, the information in this section is about a specific condition called generalised anxiety disorder (GAD).

GAD is a long-term condition that causes you to feel anxious about a wide range of situations and issues, rather than one specific event.

People with GAD feel anxious most days and often struggle to remember the last time they felt relaxed. As soon as one anxious thought is resolved, another may appear about a different issue.

GAD can cause both psychological (mental) and physical symptoms. These vary from person to person, but can include:

feeling restless or worried

having trouble concentrating or sleeping

dizziness or heart palpitations

Read about the symptoms of GAD.

When to get help for anxiety

Although feelings of anxiety at certain times are completely normal, see your GP if anxiety is affecting your daily life or causing you distress.

Your GP will ask about your symptoms and your worries, fears and emotions to find out if you could have GAD.

Read more about diagnosing GAD.

What causes GAD?

The exact cause of GAD isn’t fully understood, although it’s likely that a combination of several factors plays a role. Research has suggested that these may include:

overactivity in areas of the brain involved in emotions and behaviour

an imbalance of the brain chemicals serotonin and noradrenaline, which are involved in the control and regulation of mood

the genes you inherit from your parents – you’re estimated to be 5 times more likely to develop GAD if you have a close relative with the condition

having a history of stressful or traumatic experiences, such as domestic violence, child abuse or bullying

having a painful long-term health condition, such as arthritis

having a history of drug or alcohol misuse

However, many people develop GAD for no apparent reason.

Who is affected?

GAD is a common condition, estimated to affect up to 5% of the UK population.

Slightly more women are affected than men, and the condition is more common in people from the ages of 35 to 59.

How GAD is treated

GAD can have a significant effect on your daily life, but several different treatments are available that can ease your symptoms. These include:

 

There are also many things you can do yourself to help reduce your anxiety, such as:

going on a self-help course

exercising regularly

stopping smoking

cutting down on the amount of alcohol and caffeine you drink

trying one of the mental health apps and tools in the NHS apps library

Read how stopping smoking can improve your anxiety.

With treatment, many people are able to control their anxiety levels. However, some treatments may need to be continued for a long time and there may be periods when your symptoms worsen.

Read more about:

treating GAD

self-help tips for GAD

More needed to be done to tackle anxiety levels

Workplace Anxiety

Workplace Anxiety

Today the Office for National Statistics releases their annual report on personal wellbeing in the UK, their most in depth study on the subject to date looking back at 12 months of data between January and December 2017.

According to the ONS report – entitled ‘Personal well-being in the UK’, anxiety levels have improved year on year in the UK between 2011 and 2015 but have stagnated since the 2015 report, with the number of people reporting ‘high’ levels of anxiety between January and December 2017 experiencing a marginal increase when compared to the same period in 2016.

Overall general personal perceptions of life satisfaction, worthwhile and happiness have increased which suggests that the heightened awareness around wellbeing and the mechanisms put in place to support it are working well. The slowing of progress since 2015 shows the importance of continuing to educate people on the issues surrounding mental health and wellbeing, particularly in the workplace where people are spending more time than ever before and where anxiety traditionally tends to manifest.

With workplace-related stress, illnesses and mental health issues becoming a bigger concern than ever, is it time for employers to be taking the burden? It’s clear to see that employers must start to take more responsibility for the mental health and wellbeing of their staff,  Richard Holmes, Director of Wellbeing at Westfield Health, gives his top tips on how to be an approachable line manager and in turn, support your team’s mental health:

 

Understand strengths and weaknesses

“As a line manager, it’s important to acknowledge that everyone is an individual and therefore has different strengths and weaknesses – both mentally and physically. Therefore, using a bespoke, personalised approach is key. Everybody reacts differently to pressure, so to treat everyone the same can be extremely harmful to an individual’s performance.”

Don’t be overly formal

“Having regular check-ins with your colleague is a big part of a line manager’s role. However, in order to be approachable in a day-to-day situation, it’s important to hold casual meetings as well as formal one-to-ones. Try going for a coffee or taking them for lunch as a treat – which may help to make your colleague feel more comfortable and relaxed around you.“

Get moving

“By now, most people will have heard of walking meetings. But how effective are they? Studies show high amounts of sitting is linked to psychological distress***. Similarly, among overweight/obese adults, decreasing sedentary time and increasing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity were associated with a reduced risk of depression. So, to help decrease the risk of depression and poor mental health – suggest having a walking catch up every now and again.”

Follow up on actions

“Once you have had a one-to-one with a colleague, it’s your responsibility to ensure relevant actions are taken. Colleagues will lose trust in you as a line manager and would be less likely to open up to you in the future if they feel action is not being taken in a timely way – keep your colleagues updated with the status of each action and let them know it is being dealt with.”

Don’t claim to be an expert 

“As a line manager, you aren’t expected to be a counsellor. Giving out incorrect advice is just as bad as not giving it. If you don’t feel confident in providing advice, then it’s much better to share any issues with the most appropriate person – always at your colleague’s discretion.”

For more information about workplace health and wellbeing, please call 03331 227343 or visit www.westfieldhealth.com

 

Anxiety

Anxiety

10 Natural Ways To Overcome Anxiety

The infographic below showcases 10 natural ways to overcome anxiety including 6 foods that will boost your mood and 4 activities that will calm your mind.

An estimated 1 in 10 Americans are taking antidepressants but research shows that these drugs can have nasty side effects like Tremors, Headaches, Indigestion, Vomiting and even Insomnia. Avoid all of the side effects by giving these ten home remedies for depression and anxiety a try.

Good natural ways to overcome anxiety is to eat certain foods that boost your mood and take up activities that calm your mind. Examples for stress reducing foods are fish, which contains Omega-3 for healthy brain cells and turmeric which works as well as the popular drug Prozac. Exercise and mindful meditation are one of the best examples for stress reducing activities.

10 Natural Ways To Overcome Anxiety

Do I have an anxiety disorder? Find out the signs here

Do I have an anxiety disorder?

Do I have an anxiety disorder?

If you’re experiencing symptoms of anxiety over a long period of time, you may have an anxiety disorder. For more information about symptoms, read our section called Why do I feel anxious and panicky?

Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)

Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is a long-term condition that affects one in every 25 people in the UK. It can make you feel anxious about a wide range of situations and issues, rather than one specific event. You may have GAD if:

your worrying is uncontrollable and causes distress

your worrying affects your daily life, including school, your job and your social life

you can’t let go of your worries

you worry about all sorts of things, such as your job or health, and minor concerns, such as household chores

You should see your GP if anxiety is affecting your daily life or causing you distress. They can diagnose your condition based on your symptoms, which may include:

feeling restless or on edge

being irritable

getting tired easily

having difficulty concentrating or feeling your mind goes blank

having difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep

having tense muscles

If you’re diagnosed with GAD, there is treatment is available. Read more information about treating GAD.

Other types of anxiety disorder

There are several other types of anxiety disorder, including:

panic disorder – a condition where you have recurring, regular panic attacks; for more information, see What is a panic attack?

phobias – an extreme or irrational fear of something, like an animal or a place

agoraphobia – several phobias related to situations such as leaving home, being in crowds or travelling alone

obsessive compulsive disorder – a condition that usually involves unwanted thoughts or urges, and repetitive behaviours

post-traumatic stress disorder – a condition caused by frightening or distressing events