Social communication difficulties (such as autism) are linked to increased risk of self-harm and suicidal behaviour

Noisy child

Noisy child

 

Children who have difficulties with social communication, as seen in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), have a higher risk of self-harm with suicidal behaviour by the age of 16 years compared to those without, finds a University of Bristol study.

The aim of the study, published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP), was to understand whether autistic characteristics in childhood are linked with suicidal thoughts, plans and self-harm at 16 years.

Children on the autism spectrum often have difficulties in social communication. Recent research has suggested that suicide could be important in premature deaths in autistic people.  However, until now, population-based studies on suicidal thoughts and behaviours in this population has been limited.  Factors that could explain the risk of suicide in autistic people, such as depression, have also not been studied.

Researchers analysed data on 5,031 adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), to assess whether there were any associations between ASD-like traits (social communication, pragmatic language, sociability, repetitive behaviour) and the risk of suicidal self-harm and suicidal thoughts and plans by the age of 16 years.  Depression in early adolescence at 12 years of age was considered as a possible explanatory mechanism.

The researchers found that children with difficulties in social communication had a higher risk of suicidal self-harm, suicidal thoughts and plans by the age of 16 years as compared to those without. There was no evidence for an association between ASD diagnosis and suicidal behaviours, but the researchers thought this could be because of the small number of individuals with an autism diagnosis followed up until age 16 years.

The team found that approximately a third (32 per cent) of the association between social communication difficulties and suicidal self-harm was explained by depression in early adolescence.

Dr Iryna Culpin, Senior Research Associate in the Bristol Medical School (PHS) and lead author of the study, said: “Our study suggests that children who have difficulties with social communication are at higher risk for suicidal ideation and behaviour in late adolescence. Depressive symptoms in early adolescence partially explain this association which emphasises the importance of addressing the mental health needs of children with autism.

“Future studies should focus on identifying other changeable mechanisms to develop preventative interventions for people with autism.”

This research was funded by the Baily Thomas Charitable Fund.

Paper:

Autistic traits and suicidal thoughts, plans and self-harm in late adolescence: population based cohort study‘ by Iryna Culpin et al in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent [open access]

How a bunch of high school students are using VR to help kids with autism

Autism and virtual reality

Autism and virtual reality

Virtual reality may finally be having a moment, at least for one community.

A group of students from Kent Career Technical Center in Grand Rapids, Michigan, has created a VR experience that aims to help students with autism practice social interaction.

It’s far from a finished product, but was polished enough to make it to the final round of Samsung’s nationwide Solve for Tomorrow invention competition last month.

The app places students in various social situations in VR — the hallway, the classroom, interactions with friends, teachers, and students. Students are given options for how to respond to various situations, and can “practice” the interactions in VR. The kids developed the scripts and scenarios in consultation with autistic students and behavioral psychologists.

For example, you can practice meeting new students in the hallway, study in the library, and respond to teacher questions in a classroom. In one classroom scenario, a student next to me was having computer troubles, and I was tasked with deciding whether to try to help her fix it myself or alert the teacher.

Read more here

6 Apps for Autistic Children and Their Families

Apps for Autism

Apps for Autism

Those on the Autism spectrum and the family and individuals that provide them care face a number of challenges, from communication and even emotional support.  

 

Fortunately, there are a number of apps on the market that are designed for various needs.  Here are six apps for autistic children and their families.

Proloquo2Go

Ideal for children, this text-to-speech app utilizes photos to help those who are Autistic and non-verbal to communicate with others.

Proloquo4Text

Another text-to-speech app, Proloquo4Text allows users to type in the words they are trying to communicate and is available in 15 languages

Autism Village

Think of this like the Yelp for families with autistic members, Autism Village helps users find Autism-friendly places in their neighborhood rated by other families with autistic members, from restaurants to parks and even doctors and dentists.

MyAutismTeam

Like Autism Village, MyAutismTeam is a social network where parents and other loved ones who care for someone who is autistic can share autism-friendly places and also receive support from others who know of the challenges of caring for someone on the autism spectrum.

Read the rest of the article here

 

Brain in Hand – An App for Anxiety in Autism

Brain in Hand - An App for Anxiety in Autism

Brain in Hand – An App for Anxiety in Autism

Brain in Hand gives easy access to personalised support from an app on your phone. It’s packed with features to help you remember activities, reduce anxiety and feel supported.

It’s accompanied by remote support from The National Autistic Society to help you at times when you need extra help.

Together this helps you achieve your goals – whether that’s travelling independently, staying in school, going to college or university, starting work for the first time or just learning how to deal better with life’s up and downs.

Everything you need to know
What is Brain in Hand?
Living with autism can lead to problems making decisions, controlling emotions and choosing appropriate behaviour. In challenging situations or when feeling anxious, it can become even harder to process thoughts, leading to heightened anxiety and sometimes crisis situations.

Brain in Hand gives personalised support when and where it’s needed, from an app on your phone. A diary, notes and reminders ensure you never forget what’s important in your day, easy access to your best coping strategies help reduce anxieties and a traffic light system help you to monitor your anxiety and request additional help from The National Autistic Society if needed.

Download a demonstration account from Google Play or App Store.

How do I get it?
You can buy Brain in Hand directly from the Brain in Hand website. Alternatively it is available through schemes including Access to Work for those starting work. University students can fund Brain in Hand through their Disabled Students Allowance, while schools can support students to fund Brain in Hand via Education Health and Care Plans, or it can be included in your personal budget support plan.

Your support provider can also buy Brain in Hand for you to use, and we recommend sending your care provider information about Brain in Hand.

Hidden crisis: Autistic people four times more likely to be lonely than general public

  • New research suggests autistic people are among most lonely and isolated in UK
  • National Autistic Society calls on Government to make sure upcoming strategy for tackling loneliness addresses the specific needs of autistic people


Our new research* suggests that autistic people are among the most isolated and lonely in the UK. We compared the results of our new survey of almost 900 autistic people with the Government’s own data and the findings indicate that autistic people are four times as likely to be lonely as the general public. Our previous research** suggests that 79% of autistic people feel socially isolated.

We are calling on Tracey Crouch MP, the minister with responsibility for tackling loneliness, to make sure the Government’s upcoming strategy addresses the root causes of loneliness for autistic people.

Tracey Crouch MP recently spoke about her work, including a visit to an autism service, at the inaugural meeting of the All Party Parliamentary Group on Loneliness and Social Isolation (Tuesday 27 March). She also talked about the isolation faced by many parents of autistic people and the importance of improving public understanding of autism.

More than 1 in 100 people in the UK are on the autism spectrum. Most autistic people want more friends and connections but many find forming and maintaining social relationships difficult and confusing. The difficulties autistic people can face filtering out the sounds, smells, sights and information can leave them feeling overwhelmed and anxious in busy public spaces. Combined with anxiety about the public misunderstanding their distress, it can be hard to go out at all.

Without appropriate and accessible support and services, many autistic people fall into isolation and this can lead to loneliness. Social isolation has been linked to both mental and physical health problems, with the impact of loneliness estimated to be as damaging as smoking 15 cigarettes a day***.

Nita lives in Colchester and was diagnosed with autism nearly two decades ago, when she was 15. She said: “For me personally, autism is first and foremost a social disability, and I say disability because it does indeed have a disabling effect on my ability to communicate with others.

Nita headshot“Like many autistic people, I’m an introvert, but even introverts need some semblance of a social life. Yet mine remains as elusive, nay, impossible to exist, as Bigfoot travelling by polka-dot unicorn. And it’s more than a little frustrating, not to mention lonely.

“I wrote in my teenage-diary-turned-published-book Standing Down Falling Up that I felt as if there was a wall separating me from others — a barrier that, although invisible, may as well have been as solid and secure as Fort Knox for all the success I had breaking out of it — and twenty years on, it’s no different.

“I always used to think that, as I grew older, social interaction would get easier; it didn’t. School was a minefield; as was college, and the three universities I attended, and every relationship. Despite social skills related literature aplenty, social skills workshops, behavioural courses, and friendships made and invariably lost, I remain isolated; and, whilst I don’t blame myself, I know something isn’t sinking in, and I wonder why I’m not getting it right.

“At times, it leaves me considering hermittery, resigning myself to but the barest bones of social interaction… but that’s not what I want. I’ve pretty much accepted lifelong spinsterhood and childlessness, but I need some positive relationships in my life. I need friends; people who accept and like me for who I am. I am autistic, but I am no less worthy of friendship than anyone else.”

Mark Lever, our Chief Executive, said: “Our research suggests that autistic people are some of the most isolated and lonely in the UK. This can be devastating and lead to serious physical and mental health problems.

“At the National Autistic Society, we won’t accept a world where autistic people feel they have to shut themselves away. The Government can’t tackle loneliness unless it reduces the shocking levels of social isolation amongst autistic people – and addresses the root causes.

“We’ve written to Tracey Crouch MP, who is leading this work, to offer to work with her to ensure the upcoming strategy makes a difference to autistic people across the country. This means making sure everyone can get the help they need, like peer support, and training on how to cope in social situations, alongside improving public understanding of autism.”

* The National Autistic Society compared the responses of 869 autistic adults to their 2017 survey with equivalent data from the Office for National Statistics’ Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (2015)
** Based on a 2016 National Autistic Society survey of over 7,000 autistic people, their family members and friends, and professionals.
*** Campaign to end loneliness (2010).