
A groundbreaking study from Politecnico di Milano has discovered a way to feed the planet sustainably, without overusing land and water resources. The researchers, led by Professor Maria Cristina Rulli, have shown that adopting the EAT-Lancet diet could be the key.
The EAT-Lancet Diet
The EAT-Lancet diet promotes eating a variety of plant-based foods like whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts, while limiting animal-based foods. This diet is designed to improve health and reduce the environmental impact of food production.
The Study’s Findings
The researchers combined an agro-hydrological model with optimal-use studies and analyzed six country-specific dietary scenarios. They found that redistributing crops and improving trade could reduce global cropland by 37-40% and irrigation water use by 78%, all while meeting the nutritional needs of the EAT-Lancet diet.
To achieve this, international food trade would need to increase, with production for export rising from 25% to 36%. Though this could lead to a 4.5% increase in food costs, the environmental and nutritional benefits are significant.
Smart Crop Redistribution
Professor Rulli explains, “Our research suggests that smart crop redistribution and better trade flow management could lead to more efficient use of agricultural and water resources globally. However, this requires targeted policies, financial support, and social acceptance. Local producers also need to be involved in crop redistribution processes.”
Award-Winning Research
The study was published in Nature Sustainability and offers a roadmap for more sustainable and equitable food production. Professor Rulli and her colleague Paolo D’Odorico from the University of California, Berkeley, were awarded the prestigious Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water for their innovative research on sustainable water management.